Gwaro Rakakwana rekugadzirisa muchina wekugadzira jekiseni reServo Robots zuva nezuva

Gwaro Rakakwana rekuchengetedza kwezuva nezuva Jekiseni Kuumba Machine Servo Robots: Matanho matanhatu Ekuwedzera Hupenyu hweMidziyo ne30%

Mumitsetse yekugadzira majekiseni ekuumba, marobhoti eservo inoshanda se "moyo weotomatiki." Kugadzikana kwavo pakushanda kunotarisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, mhando yechigadzirwa, uye mari yekugadzirisa michina. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hweindasitiri, kugadziriswa kwemazuva ese kunogona kuderedza mwero wekukundikana kwemarobhoti emuchina wekugadzira majekiseni neanopfuura 40% uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwavo hwebasa ne30%. Zvisinei, kuregeredza kugadzirisa kunogona kutungamira kumatambudziko akakomba akadai sekudzvanywa kwemarobhoti, kutsauka panzvimbo, uye kupera simba kwemota yeservo, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kweavhareji yekugadzirwa kwezuva nezuva kwemakumi ezviuru zveyuan. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura zvakarongeka matanho ekugadzirisa ezuva nezuva emarobhoti emuchina wekugadzira majekiseni, kubva pakuongorora kwekutanga kusvika pakugadzirisa kwakadzama, zvichipa vashandi nhungamiro inoshanda uye inogoneka.

I. Kugadzirira Kugadzirisa Pamberi: Iva nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye Zvishandiso

Kuchengetedzeka kunonyanya kukosha usati watanga chero basa rekugadzirisa. Robhoti reservo remuchina wekugadzira jekiseni mudziyo wemechatronic wakanyatsogadzirwa. Kushanda zvisina kunaka kunogona kukonzera kubaiwa kwemuchina, mashort circuits emagetsi, nezvimwe njodzi. Saka, kugadzirira kunotevera kwakakosha:

Kudzima Midziyo Uye Kudzima Simba: Dzima switch huru yerobhoti uye bvisa tambo yekudzora chiratidzo kumuchina wekugadzira injection kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti robhoti rapera simba zvachose. Kana robhoti riine bhatani rekumisa nekukurumidza, ridzvanye worikiya kudzivirira kushanda netsaona.

Yambiro Yekuchengetedza uye Kuzviparadzanisa: Isa chikwangwani cheyambiro chekuti "Kugadzirisa Kuchiri Kuenderera Mberi, Hapana Kushanda" chakakomberedza robhoti. Shandisa fenzi yekuchengetedza kana tepi yekunyevera kuti uvhare nzvimbo yebasa uye rambidza vashandi vasiri kugadzirisa kuti vasasvike.

Zvishandiso Nezvinhu Zvinoshandiswa: Gadzirira maturusi akagadzirwa zvichienderana nekutarisa kwekugadzirisa, kusanganisira chipanera cheAllen (seti), masikurudhiraivha ePhillips/slotted, chipanera chetorque, pfuti yemafuta, jira risina guruva, doro, inhibitor yengura, uye mafuta anozora (gadzira mhando yakataurwa mubhuku remichina, senge grisi yelithium kana mafuta egiya). Gadzirirawo gwaro rekugadzirisa kuti unyore mhedzisiro yekuongorora.

Kusimbiswa kweData: Tora Bhuku reKushanda uye Mirayiridzo yeKuchengetedza yerobhoti kuti usimbise maparamita ekuchengetedza echikamu chimwe nechimwe (senge torque yebhoti, nguva dzekuzora, uye rudzi rwemafuta) kudzivirira kugadziriswa kusina kunaka nekuda kwemaparamita asina kururama.

II. Kugadziriswa kweMagadzirirwo eMichina: "Kugadziriswa Kwekutanga" kweZvikamu Zvikuru

Chimiro chemuchina ndicho chinhu chinobatsira robhoti kufamba nemazvo uye chinosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita seruoko, majoini, magiya, uye makapu ekukweva. Kugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva kunofanirwa kutarisa pazvinhu zvina zvakakosha: kuchenesa, kukwiza mafuta, kusimbisa, uye kuongorora kupfeka.

1. Ruoko neMajoini: Kudzivirira Kujairika uye Ruzha

Kuchenesa: Shandisa jira risina guruva rakanyoroveswa nedoro shoma kuti ubvise marara epurasitiki, mafuta, neguruva kubva pamusoro peruoko. Tarisa pakuchenesa majoini, sezvo nzvimbo idzi dzinowanzo kuungana kwetsvina uye dzinogona kukanganisa kutenderera.

Kuzora: Zadza majoint bearing nerudzi rwakatarwa rwemafuta (senge mafuta anodziya ane lithium-based grease) sezvakarairwa mubhuku rekushandisa. Paunenge uchishandisa grease gun, isa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika mafuta abuda zvakaenzana mumabearing gaps (dzivisa kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kwemafuta). Kana joint yacho ine lubrication oil circuit, tarisa circuit kuti haivharidzike here uye zadza lubrication kusvika padanho rakatarwa.

Kusimbisa uye Kuongorora: Shandisa chipanera che torque kuti utarise mabhaudhi ne nati dziri pajoini kuti hadzina kugadzikana (simbisa torque yakatarwa mubhuku rekushandisa, semuenzaniso, 25-30 N·m yemabhaudhi eM8). Tarisa joini kuti uone kana paine ruzha rusina kujairika, kunamira, kana kugadzikana panguva yekutenderera. Kana mabheya akasakara kana kuti nzvimbo yakavharwa zvakanyanya, chinja zvikamu zvejoini nekukurumidza.

2. Njanji dzeNzira neMasiraidhi: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro akarurama

Kuchenesa: Magwara ekufambisa ndiwo musimboti wekufamba kwerobhoti. Shandisa bhurashi kubvisa mafirita esimbi nezvidimbu zvepurasitiki pamusoro pegwara rekufambisa. Wobva washandisa jira risina lint rakanyoroveswa nemuchina wekuchenesa gwara rekufambisa kuti ubvise mafuta ekare netsvina kubva pagwara rekufambisa uye pamusoro pemasiraidhi. Kuzora: Isa mafuta ekufambisa zvakaenzana pahurefu hwegwara rekufambisa (tinokurudzira kushandisa mafuta ekufambisa anodzivirira kupfeka ane viscosity iri pakati nepakati, senge 32# kana 46#). Mushure mekushandisa, fambisa slider nemaoko kaviri kusvika katatu kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mafuta anofukidza zvakaenzana pamusoro pegwara rekufambisa. Kana sisitimu ichishandisa sisitimu yekufambisa otomatiki, tarisa huwandu hwemafuta nekumanikidzwa kwepombi yekufambisa uye kana nguva yekuzora yakagadzikwa (semuenzaniso, kuzora kamwe chete paawa yega yega yekushanda) ichizadzisa zvinodiwa.
Kuongorora Kupfeka: Tarisa pamusoro penzira yekufambisa zvinhu kuti uone kana paine mavanga, makomba, kana ngura. Shandisa feeler gauge kuyera nzvimbo iri pakati penzira yekufambisa zvinhu nenzira yekufambisa zvinhu. Kana nzvimbo yacho ikadarika 0.1mm, zvinogona kukonzera kutsauka kwerobhoti uye zvinoda kutsiviwa kwenzira yekufambisa zvinhu kana nzira yekufambisa zvinhu. 3. End Effectors: "Critical Touchpoints" yekuchinja zvinodiwa pakugadzira zvinhu.

Zvinhu zvinoshandisa ma "end effect" (senge ma "suction cups" nema "grippers") zvinosangana zvakananga nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa nejekiseni, zvichida kugadziriswa kwakananga zvichienderana nerudzi rwazvo:

Makapu ekukweva: Ongorora makapu kuti aone kana akakuvara uye kuti haachemberi here (semuenzaniso, maburi epamusoro kana kuti kusimba kwawo kwaderera). Kana kukweva kusina kukwana, chenesa guruva nemafuta ari mukati memakapu kana kuti uzvitsive nemamwe matsva. Zvakare, tarisa mitsetse ye vacuum kuti haibudi here (izvi zvinogona kuonekwa nekuvhara mukana wekapu yekukweva, kutanga pombi ye vacuum, uye kutarisa kana kuverenga kwe vacuum gauge kwakagadzikana). Simbisa majoini epombi uye tsiva chero zvisimbiso zvakasakara.

Magripper: Chenesai chero zvasara zvepurasitiki kubva panzvimbo dzinoshandiswa gripper uye ongororai mazino kuti haana kunaka here (kana gripper ikatsvedza painobata chigadzirwa, izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekusakara). Isai mafuta mashoma padanda redhiraivha regripper uye tarisai kuti sirinda haina kubuda here kana kuti haina kufamba zvakanaka.

III. Kugadziriswa kweSisitimu yeMagetsi: Dzivisa Kukundikana kweMasaisai eMagetsi uye Kukundikana kweMasaini

Sisitimu yemagetsi yerobhoti reservo remuchina wekugadzira majekiseni, kusanganisira kabhineti yekudzora, mamota eservo, masensa, uye tambo, ndiyo "nzvimbo yetsinga" yemuchina. Kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kutarisa pakudzivirira kupisa, kubatana, uye kupisa kudzivirira kutadza kwemagetsi kukonzera nguva yekushanda:
1. Kabhineti Yekudzora: Chengeta yakaoma uye ine mhepo inofema
Kuchenesa uye Kubvisa Guruva: Mushure mekudzima, vhurai gonhi rekabati rekudzora moshandisa hairdryer (pamhepo inotonhora) kana bhurashi kubvisa guruva mukati rekabati. (Ndapota tarisai pakuunganidzwa kweguruva pamacontactor, marelay, uye ma inverter kudzivirira ma short circuits kana kupisa kusina kunaka.) Pukutai touch screen nebhatani remukati megonhi rekabati nejira risina guruva kuti interface irambe yakachena.
Kuongororwa kweWiring: Tarisa ma terminal ese ewaya kuti aone kana akabatana zvisina kusimba (simbisa imwe neimwe ne screwdriver). Tarisa kuti waya inodziisa sei kana paine zviratidzo zvekukwegura kana kukuvara (semuenzaniso, kutsvuka kana kutsemuka). Kana paine waya dzasakara, dziputire ne insulating tape kana kudzitsiva. Zvakare, tarisa kuti grounding circuit yakavimbika (grounding resistance inofanira kunge iri pasi pe 4Ω) kudzivirira magetsi asingachinji kana kubuda kwemvura kusakonzera kutadza kwemidziyo. Kuongorora kupisa: Fan inotonhorera uye heat sink iri mukati me control cabinet ndizvo zvakakosha. Chenesa pamusoro pefeni kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda zvakanaka (kana fan ichiita ruzha rusingawanzoitiki kana kumira, itsive nekukurumidza). Tarisa heat sink kuti yakavharwa here. Kana tembiricha yemhepo yakakwira (semuenzaniso, mu injection molding workshop inodarika 35°C), isa michina yekutonhodza inobatsira (senge industrial air conditioning).

2. Servo Motor: Core Power "Kutarisa Hutano"

Chitarisiko neTembiricha: Tarisa pamusoro pemota yeservo kana paine mafuta neguruva, uye tarisa kuti mota yacho haina kuchinja here kana kuti haina kutsemuka. Usati waishanda, batai mota kuti muone kana tembiricha yacho yakajairika (kushanda kwayo kwakajairika hakupfuuri 60°C. Kana kuchipisa zvakanyanya, kunogona kunge kuri nekuda kwekuwanda kwemafuta, kukuvara kwemabheya, kana kusapisa zvakanaka).

Kubata waya neInsulation: Tarisa simba remota uye waya ye encoder kuti uone kana paine kubatana kwakasimba uye kukuvara kwetambo ye encoder. Tarisa tambo ye encoder kuti uone kana paine kukuvara (chiratidzo che encoder chinokanganisa zvakananga kurongeka kwenzvimbo, uye kukuvara kwetambo kunogona kukonzera kuti robhoti isarongeka zvakanaka). Shandisa multimeter kuyera insulation resistance ye motor windings (phase-to-phase insulation resistance inofanira kunge yakakura kupfuura 10MΩ) kudzivirira short circuits dzinogona kukuvadza mota. Ruzha neVibration Zvisina Kunaka: Tanga robhoti uye teerera chero ruzha rusina kujairika (rwakadai sekurira kana kurira) kubva ku servo motor panguva yekushanda. Yera vibration yemota ne vibration meter (kazhinji ine amplitude iri pasi pe 0.05mm). Vibration yakanyanya inogona kuratidza kuti mota dzakasakara kana rotor isina kuenzana, inoda disassembly uye kugadziriswa.

3. MaSensor neSwichi: Iva nechokwadi chekuti Signal Yakarurama

MaSensor ePosition (akadai semasensor ephotoelectric uye maswichi epedyo): Chenesa musoro wesensor (kudzivirira guruva kuti risavhare sensor uye kukonzera kutsanangurwa zvisirizvo kwechiratidzo). Tarisa nzvimbo yekumisikidza yesensor kuti uone kana paine offset (tepi yekuyera inogona kushandiswa pakuenzanisa). Shandisa multimeter kuyedza chiratidzo chekubuda chesensor (semuenzaniso, sensor yeNPN inoburitsa nhanho yepamusoro kana isinganzwe uye nhanho yakaderera kana ichinzwa) kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzikana kwechiratidzo.

Maswichi Emuganho: Maswichi emuganho wekufamba erobhoti (akadai seswichi yekutanga uye maswichi enzvimbo yakanyanyisa) akakosha pakuchengetedza. Batidza swichi nemaoko kuti uone kuti iri kudzima chiratidzo chekushanda nemazvo (kana swichi yemuganho ikabatidzwa, iyo Robhoti Sinofanira kumira ipapo ipapo). Kana switch ikatadza kushanda zvakanaka, tsiva ma contacts kana switch yese.

IV. Kugadziriswa kweServo System: Chivimbiso Chekutanga Chekudzora Zvakarurama

Sisitimu yeservo (kusanganisira servo drive, encoder, uye servo motor) ndiyo inosarudza kufamba kwerobhoti kwakarurama uye kumhanya kwekupindura. Kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kutarisa pakugadzikana kweparameters dzaro, mamiriro aro, uye kupisa kwaro:

1. Servo Drive: Tarisa kaviri maParameters uye Status

Kuongorora Parameter: Shandisa operation panel yedhiraivha kana software yekugadzirisa matambudziko yakabatana nekombuta kuti uone kuti servo parameters (dzakadai se position loop gain, velocity loop gain, torque limit, nezvimwewo) dzinoenderana nemagadzirirwo efactory. Kugadziriswa kwema parameter zvisiri izvo kunogona kukonzera kusagadzikana Robhoti Movement (yakadai se jitter uye overshoot). Kana ma parameter asina kujairika, dzorera magadzirirwo emufekitori wobva wagadzirisazve.

Kutarisa Mamiriro Ezvinhu: Mushure mekutanga dhiraivha, tarisa kodhi yemamiriro ezvinhu inoratidzwa papaneru kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti yakajairika (semuenzaniso, "00" ye standby, "01" yekushanda). Kana kodhi yekukanganisa ikaonekwa (semuenzaniso, "E02" ye overcurrent, "E05" ye encoder failure), tarisa bhuku remazano kuti uone chikonzero. (Semuenzaniso, overcurrent inogona kuratidza mota short circuit kana mutoro wakawandisa, nepo encoder failure inogona kuratidza kusabatana zvakanaka kwetambo).

Kugadzirisa kupisa: Madhiraivha eServo anogadzira kupisa kwakawanda panguva yekushanda. Chenesa maburi ekuparadza kupisa uye zvipenga zviri pamusoro pedhiraivha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kupisa hakupindiki zvakanaka. Tarisa feni yedhiraivha kuti ishande zvakanaka here. Kana feni ikatadza kushanda zvakanaka, itsive nekukurumidza kudzivirira dhiraivha kuti isagumburwe nekuda kwekupisa zvakanyanya.

2. Encoder: Kugadzirisa zvinhu ndiko kunokosha pakuita kuti nzvimbo yacho ive yakarurama

Kuchenesa nekubatanidza: Iyo encoder ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakuiswa uye kufamba kwerobhoti. Tarisa kuti imba ye encoder yakavharwa zvakanaka kudzivirira guruva nemafuta kupinda. Chenesa chinongedzo chetambo yesignal ye encoder woibatanidza zvakare kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti yakabatana zvakanaka. Tambo dzesignal dzakaremara dzinowanzo kukonzera zvikanganiso pakuiswa.

Kugadzirisa mapoinzi asina kuenzana: Kana robhoti rikasangana nekusarongeka kwekuisa zvinhu (sekunge nzvimbo dzekubatirira dziri kure), ita encoder zero point calibration. Tambanudza robhoti nemaoko kuenda kunzvimbo ye "mechanical origin" uye ita operation ye "zero reset" uchishandisa drive panel kana software yekugadzirisa matambudziko. Dzokorora bvunzo yekuenzanisa katatu kusvika kashanu kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti kukanganisa kwekuisa zvinhu kuri mukati mehuwandu hunobvumidzwa (kazhinji mukati me ±0.02mm).

V.Kugadziriswa kweSisitimu yePneumatic: "Nheyo Yakagadzikana" yeKutumira Simba
Zvinhu zvinoshandisa simba remagetsi uye mafambiro ekubatsira (sekuvhura nekuvhara hopper) zvezvizhinji jekiseni rekuumba muchina we servo marobhoti Kuvimba nemasisitimu emhepo. Kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kutarisa pakuona kuti mhepo yakachena, zvikamu zvacho hazvina kukanganiswa, uye mapaipi asina kuvharwa.

1. Chigadziko Chekugadzirisa Mhepo: Iva nechokwadi chekuti kusefa, kudzora kumanikidzwa, uye mafuta zviri kushanda.

Sefa yeMhepo: Vhura vharuvhu yekudhonza dhiri refirita kuti ubvise mvura inodziya (inokurudzirwa ka1-2 pazuva, kakawanda munzvimbo dzine hunyoro). Nguva nenguva (semuenzaniso, vhiki nevhiki) bvisa chinhu chefirita wochipukuta nemhepo yakamanikidzwa (kuvharika kunogona kukonzera kusakwana kwemhepo inoyerera). Kana chinhu chefirita chakakuvara, chitsive nechimwe chitsva (5μm firita inokurudzirwa kuti ubvise tsvina).

Vharuvhu Inodzikisa Kumanikidzwa: Tarisa kumanikidzwa kunobuda kwevharuvhu inodzikisa kumanikidzwa kuti ione kugadzikana (inowanzoiswa pa 0.4-0.6 MPa, inogadziriswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neactuator). Kana kumanikidzwa kuchichinja-chinja zvakanyanya, bvisa pakati pevharuvhu kuti uchenese woisa mafuta mashoma epneumatic. Zvakare, tarisa chiyero chekumanikidza kuti chionekwe kuti chakarurama. Kana chiyero chakanamira, chinja chiyero. Chinonyorovesa: Tarisa huwandu hwemafuta mu lubricator (wedzera lubricant yepneumatic, senge ISO VG32) uye gadzirisa vhoriyamu yemafuta (inowanzoiswa pamadonhwe 1-2 emafuta pa 1000L yemhepo). Kusakwana kwemafuta kunogona kukonzera kupfeka pavharuvhu yecylinder nesolenoid, nepo mafuta akawandisa anogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwemafuta.

2. Vharuvhu yeSirivha neSolenoid: "Inovimbisa Kushanda Kwakanaka"

Sirinda: Tarisa muviri wesirinda kuti hauna kudonhedza mvura (isa mvura ine sipo patsvimbo yepiston nemusoro wesirinda woongorora kana paine mabubbles). Tarisa pamusoro petsvimbo yepiston kuti hapana mavanga nengura (kana paine, isa jecha nesandpaper diki woisa inhibitor yengura).

VI. Wedzera mafuta mashoma pakubatanidza pakati petsvimbo yepiston nemusoro wesirinda kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti sirinda iri kutambanudza nekutambanudza zvakanaka uye isina kuvharwa.

Varuvhu reSolenoid: Chenesa guruva kubva pamusoro pevharuvhu resolenoid, tarisa waya yevharuvhu resolenoid kuti uone kuchengetedzeka, uye shandisa bhatani revharuvhu resolenoid nemaoko kuti uone kana vharuvhu iri richifamba zvakanaka. Kana vharuvhu iri richifamba zvishoma nezvishoma, rinogona kunge rakanamira uye rinoda kupatsanurwa, kucheneswa, kana kutsiviwa kwevharuvhu resolenoid. Kuedzwa uye Kurekodhwa Mushure mekugadzirisa: Kutarisira Kuvhara Kweropi Kuti Udzivise Kusabuda

Mushure mekupedza matanho ekugadzirisa ari pamusoro apa, maitiro ekuvhara (kuyedza pasina mutoro → kuyedza mutoro → kurekodha maparameter) anodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti robhoti radzokera pakushanda kwaro kwakajairika:

Kuedza Kusina Mutoro: Batanidza magetsi, sunungura nzvimbo yekumira yekukurumidza, uye shandisa robhoti nemaoko kuti uite mafambiro ekutanga akadai sekusimudza, kudzosera kumashure, uye kutenderera. Tarisa kana zvikamu zvese zvichishanda zvakanaka uye kana paine ruzha rusina kujairika. Tarisa kururama kwenzvimbo yeservo system (semuenzaniso, kana chikanganiso chekudzokororwa chiri mukati mehuwandu hwakajairwa) uye kugadzikana kwekumanikidzwa kwepneumatic system.

Kuedza Kutakura: Isa chigadzirwa chakaumbwa nejekiseni kuti chitevedzere mamiriro chaiwo ekugadzirwa uye mhanyisa robhoti kwema cycles gumi kusvika makumi maviri akatevedzana. Tarisa kugadzikana kwe end effector (semuenzaniso, kana kapu yekusveta iri kudonhedza mvura kana kuti gripper iri kutsvedza). Tarisa magetsi netembiricha panguva yekushanda kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvakajairika (magetsi emota yeservo haafanire kudarika 80% yemagetsi akaongororwa). Zvinyorwa zveMagadzirirwo: Zadza "Injection Molding Machine Servo Robot Maintenance Record Form," ichitsanangura mazuva ekugadzirisa, zvinhu zvekugadzirisa, zvikamu zvakatsiviwa (senge makapu ekusveta, zvinhu zvefirita, uye mhando dzemafuta), data rekuyedza (senge positioning error uye tembiricha yemota), chero matambudziko akawanikwa, uye kugadziriswa kwawo. Izvi zvichaita kuti zvive nyore kutevera uye kuronga nguva dzose kwekugadzirisa.

VII. Maitiro Ekugadzirisa uye Mafungiro Asiri Akajairika

1. Ronga Sainzi Kugadzirisa Maitiro

Kugadzirisa Zuva Nezuva: Chenesa ruoko nechinhu chinopinza simba, tarisa dhiraivha yemhepo, uye edza mashandiro erobhoti pasina mutoro.

Kugadzirisa Kwevhiki Nevhiki: Isa mafuta pamisungo nepazvibatiso zvinotungamirira, tarisa kuti bhaudhi rakamanikana here, wobva wachenesa guruva kubva pakabati rekudzora.

Kugadzirisa Kwemwedzi Nemwedzi: Tarisa kudzivirira kwekudzivirira kwemota yeservo, gadzirisa point ye zero ye encoder, uye tsiva chinhu che filter.

Kugadziriswa Kwemwedzi Nemwedzi: Ongorora zvakakwana ma "pneumatic system seals", tsiva mafuta ari pa "servo drive" ne "motor bearing", uye edza kudzivirira kwepasi.

Kugadzirisa Kwegore Negore: Bvisa uye ongorora zvinhu zvepakati kuti zvisashande zvakanaka here (zvakadai semagwara ekufambisa, maslider, uye mabheringi emota dzeservo), uye tsiva tambo nemaseal ekare.
2. Dzivisa Pfungwa Dzisiri Dzechokwadi Pakugadzirisa

Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 1: Kuisa mafuta akawanda kuri nani - Kuisa mafuta akawanda kunogona kusvibisa chigadzirwa, marara anoshandiswa, uye kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro erobhoti nekuda kwekusagona kurishandisa zvakanyanya.

Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 2: Kusateerera Ruzha Rudiki - Ruzha rudiki mumajoini nemamota runogona kuva zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekusakara. Kana rukasagadziriswa nekukasika, runogona kukonzera kukuvara kwezvikamu uye nguva yekushanda kwemuchina kuti ugadziriswe.

Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 3: Kusiya Matanho Ekuchengetedza - Kukundikana kubvisa magetsi panguva yekugadzirisa kunogona kukonzera kubaiwa kwemagetsi uye kupfupika kwemagetsi. Tevedzerai zvakadzama nzira dzekudzima, kudzima magetsi, uye yekunyevera.

Pfungwa Isina Kujeka 4: Kushandisa Zvikamu Zvekushandisa Zvakafanana Sezvinoshandiswa Pakuchinjana - Zvikamu zvekushandisa zvakaita semafuta emota yeservo, mafuta eraidhi, uye makapu ekusveta zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa mubhuku remichina. Zvikamu zvekushandisa zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka.

Mhedziso

Kugadziriswa kwezuva nezuva kwemarobhoti eservo emichina yekuisa jekiseni hakusi kungochenesa nekuzora mafuta chete; inzira yakarongeka inobatanidza mitemo yekuchengetedza, hunhu hwezvikamu, uye kutonga kwakarurama. Nekutevera matanho matanhatu makuru akatsanangurwa muchinyorwa chino, vashandi vanogona kugadzira maitiro ekugadzirisa akajairwa, vachishandura "kugadzirisa mushure mezvo" kuita "kudzivirira kwekutanga." Izvi hazvingoderedzi kurasikirwa kwekugadzira kunokonzerwa nekukundikana kwemidziyo chete, asiwo zvinobvumira robhoti kuchengetedza kururama kwekushanda kwakasimba uye kugona kugadzira kwakanaka kwenguva refu. Yeuka: Mari inoshandiswa mukugadzirisa inogara yakaderera pane mutengo wekugadzirisa uye idiki pane kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa nenguva yekushanda.