Kushandiswa kwemarobhoti emuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu-axis mumunda wemotokari

Mativi mashanu Marobhoti Ekugadzira Jekiseni: Simba Guru Rinosimudzira Kugadzirisa Kugadzirwa Kwemotokari Nekunyatsoshanda

Sezvo indasitiri yekugadzira mota ichichinja kuita kugadzira kwakangwara, kwakareruka, uye kwakanyatsogadzirwa, maitiro ekuumba majekiseni, danho rakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemukati memotokari, kunze, uye zvikamu zvinoshanda, anotarisana nekudiwa kusati kwamboitika kwekuvandudzwa. Kuumba majekiseni kwechinyakare, kwakazara nematambudziko akadai sekubvisa zvikamu nemaoko, kusakwana kwekuronga nzvimbo, uye kubatanidzwa kwakaoma kwemapurogiramu akawanda, hakuchakwanisi kusangana nezvinodiwa zvakaoma zvemotokari dzemazuva ano kuti zvikamu zvienderane, nguva yekugadzira, uye kudzora mutengo. Kubuda kwe marobhoti ekugadzira majekiseni mashanu akabatana, nekushanduka-shanduka kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana, kunyatso tarisa panzvimbo ye millimeter, uye kugona kwe automation kwakabatana zvakanyanya, kwave chinhu chakakosha chekugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirwa kwemota dzinoshandisa majekiseni, zvichiunza kugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvemota munguva itsva yekushanda zvakanaka, kugadzikana, uye hungwaru.

Chekutanga, Nei Vashanu-Marobhoti Akisi Zvakakosha Pakugadzira Mota Here? — Kuongorora Kukosha Kwadzo Kubva Pamaonero Ekurwadziwa Kweindasitiri

Zvinodiwa nekugadzirwa kwemotokari zvezvikamu zvakaumbwa nejekiseni zvakapfuura kare mwero wekutanga we "kuumba." Ingava mapaneru emidziyo yemukati nemagadzirirwo emapaneru emusuwo, mabumpers ekunze nemagrilles, kana zvisimbiso nemahousings anoshanda akatenderedza injini, zvese zvinofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvitatu zvikuru zve **"kufananidza kwakanyatsojeka, nzvimbo isina chikanganiso, uye kubatana kwebatch". Kuganhurirwa kwemamodeli ekugadzira majekiseni echinyakare kwave miganhu inotadzisa kushandiswa kwezvinodiwa izvi:

Dambudziko rekugadzirisa zvinhu nemazvo: Kubviswa kwezvikamu nemaoko kunogona kukonzera kuchinja kwezvikamu nekuda kwezvikanganiso zvekushanda. Marobhoti ane axis imwe chete kana axis nhatu anongogumira pakufamba kuri nyore-kukwira-kudzika uye mberi-nekumashure, uye haakwanise kubata nemazvo nekutamisa zvikamu zvakaoma zvakakombama kunzvimbo dzakawanda. Izvi zvinotungamira kumatambudziko akadai semaburi asina kuenzana uye zvisungo zvisina kumira zvakanaka panguva yekubatanidzwa kunotevera.

Dambudziko rekushanda zvakanaka: Kugadzirwa kwemotokari kunowanzo tevedzera modhi "yekumhanya". Maitiro ekugadzira echinyakare e "jekiseni rekuumba - kubvisa zvikamu nemaoko - kuongorora mhando - kutamisa" akapatsanurwa. Muchina wekuumba wejekiseni rimwe chete unoda mushandi mumwe kana vaviri, uye kuchinjana kweforoma kunotora maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi matanhatu, zvichiita kuti zviome kuchinjika kune zvinodiwa zvekugadzira "chikamu chimwe kusvika zviviri paminiti" zvinomhanya zvakanyanya.

Dambudziko remutengo: Mari yevashandi iri kukwira gore negore, uye kugadzikana kwekushanda nemaoko kunokanganiswa nezvinhu zvakaita sekuneta uye manzwiro. Kukanganisa kunowanzo gara pa2%-5%, nepo chinodiwa chezvikamu zvemotokari chakaderedzwa kusvika pasi pe0.1%. Kudzvinyirirwa kwemitengo yemuenzaniso wekare kuri kuramba kuchionekwa.

Marobhoti emuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu, kuburikidza nekudzora kwakarongeka kwekufamba kwemutsara pamwe chete nemaaxes eX, Y, uye Z uye kufamba kwese kwese pamwe chete nemaaxes eA neB, anopfuura miganho yemidziyo yechinyakare, zvichiita kuti 360° ibate zvakanaka, iise panzvimbo, iunganidze, uye iongorore. Kukosha kwavo kukuru hakusi mukutsiva basa remaoko chete asiwo mukubatanidzwa kwe otomatiki uye kunyatsoita zvinhu nemazvo. Iyi tekinoroji inovandudza kururama kwekugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakaumbwa zvejekiseni remotokari kusvika ku±0.02mm, inoderedza mwero wezvikanganiso kusvika pasi pe0.05%, uye inowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira payuniti ne40%-60%, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakajairwa kune vagadziri vemotokari kuderedza mitengo, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuwedzera kukwikwidzana pakati.

Chechipiri, Kupinda Mukati: Maitiro Ekushandisa Marobhoti Emuchina weFive-Axis Injection Molding muIndasitiri Yemotokari

Kubva mukati kusvika kunze, kubva kuzvinhu zvinoshanda kusvika kumasisitimu ekuchengetedza, fmarobhoti emuchina wekugadzira jekiseni re-ive-axis zvakabatanidzwa zvakanyanya muketani yese yekugadzira majekiseni emota. Kugona kwayo kushanduka-shanduka uye mwero wepamusoro wekugadzirisa zvinoita kuti ikwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana. Inotevera ongororo yezviitiko zvishanu zvakakosha zvekushandisa:

1. Zvikamu zvemukati meMotokari: "Varindi veRunako" Vane Magadzirirwo Akanaka uye Hunhu Hwepamusoro
Zvikamu zvemukati memotokari (zvakaita semafuremu epaneru yemidziyo, magadzirirwo epaneru yemusuwo, uye dzimba dzepakati pekonsoro) hazvifanirwe kungosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba chete asiwo zvinoda mwero wepamusoro-soro wekupera kwenzvimbo, kusakwenya, uye kusanyura. Marobhoti echinyakare anogona kukwenya zvikamu zviri nyore nekuda kwemakona asina kunaka ekubata pakutora zvikamu, kana kukonzera zvikanganiso mukuita kwewelding nekuputira zvinotevera nekuda kwekusaisa zvakanaka nzvimbo mushure mekubviswa kwechinhu.
Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu rinoshandisa kugadzirisa kwakanyatsojeka pama axes eA neB kuti rigadzirise kona yekubata kune pamusoro wakakombama wezvikamu zvemukati. Pamwe chete nemakapu ekukweva vacuum kana ma flexible grippers, rinoita "kubata zvinyoro nyoro uye kuchinjika kwakasimba" kudzivirira kukuvara kwenzvimbo. Uyezve, kufamba kwakarongeka kwema axes ayo eZ-axis ne rotary kunobvumira kutamiswa zvakananga kwezvikamu zvemukati zvakagadzirwa kuenda kunzvimbo dzinotevera dze laser engraving nedehwe, zvichibvisa kudiwa kwenzvimbo yechipiri uye kuderedza nguva yekuchinja kwemaitiro neinopfuura 50%. Semuenzaniso, kambani inogadzira mota yakabatana yakashandisa robhoti rine axes mashanu kugadzira mafuremu epaneru emidziyo, kwete kungochengetedza kushivirira kwehukuru mukati me ±0.03mm asiwo kuderedza mwero wekukuvara kwenzvimbo kubva pa3% kusvika pa0.08%, zvichichengetedza mari inodarika mamiriyoni maviri eyuan mukugadzirisa patsva gore rega rega.

2. Zvikamu Zvekunze zveMotokari: "Manyanzvi Akanyatsogadzirwa" eZvivako Zvakaoma
Zvikamu zvekunze zvemotokari (zvakaita semabumpers, magrilles, uye magirazi) zvinowanzova zvivakwa zvakakura, zvakaoma zvinofanira kubatana zvakanaka nezvimwe zvikamu zvemuviri. Izvi zvinoda kunyatsojeka pakubata, kuchekerera, uye kuunganidza mushure mekuumba. Semuenzaniso, bumper inobatanidza zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanda, zvakaita se radar mount uye fog lamp bracket. Kugadzirwa kwechinyakare kunoda kuchekerera burr nemaoko uye kuongorora maburi, izvo zvisingashande zvakanaka uye zvinowanzo kutadza kuongororwa. Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu rinogona kuve nesystem yekutarisa zvinoonekwa uye maturusi ekucheka pneumatic. Munguva yekubvisa zvikamu, rinozviwana otomatiki maburr richishandisa kuona uye rinogadzirisa kona yekuchekerera richishandisa A neB axis rotation, zvichiita kuti "kuchekerera - kubvisa chikamu - kuchekerera - kuongorora" kwakabatana. Kune maburi ekukwirisa pakati pebumper nemuviri, robhoti rinogona kudzikira zvakananga kuburikidza neZ axis uye, richishandisa mapini ekutsvaga, kurongedza maburi, richiona kurongeka kwakarurama panguva yekuunganidza kunotevera. Mushure mekunge kambani itsva yemotokari dzinoshandisa simba yaunza robhoti rine mativi mashanu kuti rigadzire mabumpers emotokari itsva dzinoshandisa simba, nguva yekutenderera pamutsetse mumwe chete wekugadzira yakaderedzwa kubva pamaminitsi matatu pachikamu chimwe nechimwe kusvika pamaminitsi 1.2 pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, uye mwero wekusawirirana kwemaburi wakadzikira kubva pa1.5% kusvika pa0.05%, zvichivandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwemuviri.

3. Zvisimbiso zveMotokari: Kuchengetedzwa Kwakadzama
Pasinei nehukuru hwazvo hudiki, zvisimbiso zvemotokari (zvakaita sezvisimbiso zvemasuo, zvisimbiso zvemafuta einjini, nezvisimbiso zvepadenga) zvine chekuita zvakananga nekudzivirira mvura, kudzivirira guruva, kudzivirira ruzha, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemotokari. Zvinoda kunyatsorongeka kwezvikamu zvakasiyana uye kusachinja-chinja kwechimiro. Mukugadzirwa kwechinyakare, zvisimbiso zvinoda kuchekwa nemaoko uye kusunganidzwa kwemajoini mushure mekuumbwa, izvo zvinogona kutungamira nyore nyore mukukundikana kwekusvira nekuda kwekutsauka mukona yekucheka.

Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu, rine axis rayo rinotenderera rakanyatsojeka uye system yekudzora simba, rinogadzirisa kona yekucheka zvichienderana nechimiro chechikamu chechisimbiso, zvichiita kuti "kucheka nekukurumidza mushure mekuumba" uye kudzivirira kushanduka kwezvikamu kuti zvisatonhore uye kukanganisa kunyatsojeka. Uyezve, kufamba kwayo kwakabatana kwema-axis akawanda kunobvumira zvisimbiso zvakachekwa kuti zviendeswe zvakananga kunzvimbo ye vulcanization uye splicing. Sisitimu yekudzora simba inodzora kumanikidzwa kwe splicing kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inonyatsokwana. Mushure mekushandisa robhoti re-axis mashanu, mugadziri wezvisimbiso zvemotokari akavandudza kurongeka kwekucheka kwe sealing strip joint kubva pa ± 0.1mm kusvika ± 0.02mm, uye mwero wekupasa kwemiedzo yekusimbisa wakawedzera kubva pa 92% kusvika pa 99.8%, zvichiunza mwero wekukodzera kwechigadzirwa chayo pamberi peindasitiri.

4. Dzimba Dzinoshanda Dzemotokari: "Chinovandudza Kushanda" Nekubatanidza Maitiro Akawanda
Dzimba dzinoshanda dzemotokari (dzakadai sedzimba dzemabhatiri, dzimba dzinodzora mota, uye dzimba dzinotonhodza mhepo) dzinowanzova zvivakwa zvinosanganisa kuumba majekiseni nesimbi. Maitiro ekugadzira anoda matanho akawanda, anosanganisira kuisa majekiseni, kugadzira majekiseni, kubvisa, uye kuyedza. Kazhinji, kuisa majekiseni kunoenderana nebasa remaoko, izvo zvinogona kukonzera zvikanganiso zvekuisa majekiseni uye kukonzera kutadza kushanda kwedzimba.
Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira majekiseni mashanu rinogona kubata masimbi akawanda panguva imwe chete richishandisa end effector yakagadzirwa (senge multi-jaw gripper). Richishandisa nzvimbo chaiyo iri paX, Y, uye Z axes, rinopinda munzvimbo yakatarwa yemold, zvichiita kuti insertion ive chaiyo ye ±0.01mm. Mushure mekupinza majekiseni, robhoti rinobvisa zvakananga insertion roriendesa kunzvimbo yekuongorora airtightness, zvichiita kuti "insert-injection-testing" iite otomatiki. Mushure mekuunza ruoko rwerobhoti rune axis mashanu kukambani itsva yemagetsi, chiyero chakakanganisika chemabhatiri pack housing inserts chakaderera kubva pa5% kusvika pa0.1%, uye huwandu hwevashandi pamutsetse wega wega wekugadzira hwakaderedzwa kubva pa8 kusvika pa2, zvichikonzera kuchengetedza mari yebasa inodarika mamiriyoni matatu eyuan pagore.

5. Zvikamu Zvidiki Zvemotokari Zvakanyatsogadzirwa: "Micromanipulator" Inosimudzira Miganhu Yekushandisa Micromanipulation
Zvikamu zvidiki zvemotokari zvine hungwaru (zvakaita sema sensor housings, connector pins, uye relay housings) zvinowanzova nehukuru kubva pa5 kusvika 20 mm. Zvine maumbirwo akaomarara uye zvinoda kunyatsorongeka kwepamusoro-soro uye kunaka kwepamusoro, zvichiita kuti zviomere maoko echinyakare erobhoti kubata nekutakurisa.

Ruoko rwerobhoti rune mativi mashanu rwemichina yekuumba majekiseni runobatanidza micro end effect ne high-resolution vision system kuti iwane "kuzivikanwa kwakarurama, kubata kwakasimba, uye kutakurwa kwakarurama" kwezvikamu zvidiki zvakarurama. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzira dzimba dze sensor, robhoti rinoshandisa vision system kuti riwane maburi madiki enzvimbo yeimba, rinogadzirisa kona yeimba richishandisa A-axis rotation, uye rinoiisa nemazvo mu inspection jig. Mushure mekuongorora, chikamu chacho chinozotakurwa kuenda kunzvimbo yekurongedza, pasina kudiwa kwemunhu. Mushure mekushandisa robot rine mativi mashanu kugadzira dzimba dze sensor, kambani ye automotive electronics yakawedzera kushanda kwayo pakugadzira payuniti imwe neimwe kubva pa800 kusvika 1,500 zvidimbu pazuva, zvichiita kuti chiyero chekukanganisa chive pasi pe0.03%. Izvi zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emotokari zve "high precision, small batches, uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvigadzirwa."

Chechitatu, Kuvandudzwa Kwehunyanzvi: Mabhenefiti Matatu Ekutanga eMarobhoti Ekugadzira Injection Five-Axis pakugadzira Mota

Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemarobhoti ekugadzira majekiseni mashanu muchikamu chemotokari kunobva mukuenderana kwehunyanzvi hwavo hwekugadzira nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira mota. Kana tichienzanisa nemarobhoti echinyakare, anopa budiriro huru munzvimbo nhatu dzakakosha: kuchinjika kwekufamba, kutonga kwakarurama, uye kubatanidzwa kwakangwara.

1. Kuchinjika Kwekufamba: Kufukidzwa Kwakawanda, Kunogona Kuchinjika Kumaitiro Akaoma
Marobhoti echinyakare ane axis imwe chete neatatu anongopa kufamba kwakatwasuka, zvichiita kuti aome kubata panzvimbo dzakakombama uye kutamiswa kwenzvimbo dzakawanda. Marobhoti ane axis mashanu, kune rumwe rutivi, anoshandisa musanganiswa we "kufamba kwakatwasuka kweaxis nhatu nekufamba kwakatwasuka kweaxis mbiri" kuti agadzirise nzvimbo zvisina tsarukano. Izvi zvinobvumira kugadziriswa kwakatwasuka kumabasa akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakutenderedza nekutakura mabumper makuru kusvika pakuchekwa kwezvisimbiso zvidiki zvine hunyoro. Uyezve, ma end effectors ayo anogona kutsiviwa nekukurumidza zvichienderana nerudzi rwechikamu (semuenzaniso, vacuum cups, mechanical grippers, pneumatic tools, nezvimwewo), nenguva yekuchinja yemaminitsi mashanu kusvika gumi chete, zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzirwa kwakatwasuka kwe "high-mix, low-volume" automotive production.

2. Kudzora Kwakarurama: Kuisa Nzvimbo paMillimeter Kunoita Kuti Batch-to-Batch Irambe Yakabatana
Kugadzirwa kwemotokari kunoda zvakanyanya kuenderana kwezvikamu. Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira injini rine axis mashanu rinoshandisa servo motor uye precision ball screw drive, pamwe chete ne closed-loop feedback system ine grating scale. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nekurongeka kwe ±0.02mm uye kudzokorora kwe ±0.01mm, zvichiita kuti chikamu chimwe nechimwe chive chakafanana muhukuru nechimiro. Uyezve, system yayo yekudzora simba inogadzirisa simba rekubata zvichibva pane chikamu (nesimba rekubata shoma re 0.1N), kudzivirira kushanduka kwechikamu kunokonzerwa nesimba rakawandisa uye kuwedzera kuona kuti chigadzirwa chinoenderana.

3. Kubatanidzwa Kwakangwara: Kubatanidza Masisitimu Akawanda Kuti Zvishandiso Zvizere Zvishandiso Zvishandiso
Kugadzirwa kwemotokari kwemazuva ano kwapinda munguva ye "smart factory". Robhoti remuchina wekugadzira injini rine axis mashanu rinogona kubatana zvakanaka neMES systems, PLC control systems, uye visual inspection systems kuburikidza neIndustrial Ethernet. Semuenzaniso, MES system inogona kupa mabasa ekugadzira kurobhoti, iro rinogadzirisa otomatiki mafambiro aro zvinoenderana. Visual inspection system inopa mhinduro chaiyo panguva chaiyo padata remhando yezvikamu, zvichibvumira robhoti kuronga zvikamu zvisina kunaka munzvimbo isina kunaka. PLC system inobatanidza mafambiro erobhoti nemuchina wekugadzira injini uye michina yekugadzirisa inotevera, zvichiita kuti kushanda kwakarongeka mumutsara wese wekugadzira kubudirire. Kugona uku kwekubatanidza kwakangwara kunoita kuti robhoti rine axis mashanu rive chinhu chakakosha mukubatana kwemafekitori emotokari akangwara.

Chechina, Mafambiro Emangwana: Kufambira Mberi Kwemarobhoti Ekugadzira Injection Five-Axis muKugadzira Mota

Sezvo indasitiri yekugadzira mota ichiramba ichifambira mberi pakuisa magetsi, hungwaru, uye mwenje, marobhoti ekugadzira majekiseni mashanu achaunzawo nhanho itsva yekuvandudza tekinoroji, nematanho matatu makuru ekuvandudza anotarisirwa:

1. Kubatanidzwa kwe "AI + Vision" Kwakanyatsojeka

Nekubatanidza maalgorithms ehungwaru hwekugadzira netekinoroji yekuongorora kuona ye3D, marobhoti ane axis mashanu achava nehunyanzvi hwe "kudzidza kwega" - kuongorora huwandu hwakawanda hwedata rekugadzira kuti rigadzirise otomatiki makona ekubata, nzira dzekufamba, uye maparamendi ekudzora simba. Masisitimu ekuona e3D anogona kuona zvikanganiso zvidiki muzvikamu (zvakadai sezviratidzo zvekunyura zvidiki se0.01mm) munguva chaiyo, zvichigonesa "kuongorora online + kugadzirisa panguva chaiyo" kuti zviwedzere kuvandudza mhando yechigadzirwa.

2. Kushanda pamwe chete muMichina Mizhinji Kunoshanda Zvakanaka

Kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa pakugadzira zvikamu zvemotokari, marobhoti akawanda ane axis mashanu achashanda pamwe chete kuburikidza nekudzora tenzi-muranda. Semuenzaniso, robhoti rimwe rinogona kuisa zvinhu mukati, rimwe rekubvisa nekucheka zvikamu, uye rimwe rekuongorora nekurongedza. Kushanda pamwe chete uku kwemuchina wakawanda kunogonesa kugadzirwa kwakafanana, zvichiwedzera kuvandudza kushanda kwemitsara yekugadzira ne30%-50%.

3. Dhizaini Inobatsira Kuchengetedza Simba Zvikuru

Mukupindura zvinangwa zveindasitiri yemotokari zvekusashandisa carbon neutralite, robhoti rine mativi mashanu ichashandisa ma servo motors anochengetedza simba, muviri wealuminium alloy wakareruka, uye sisitimu yekudzoreredza simba. Izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne20%-30% zvichienzaniswa nemarobhoti echinyakare, ukuwo zvichideredza ruzha nekudedera panguva yekushanda, zvichigadzira nzvimbo yekugadzira ine girini uye yakangwara.

Mhedziso: Marobhoti Ane Akisi Nhanhatu - Injini Yepamusoro Yekuvandudza Kugadzirwa Kwemotokari

Kubva pakushanda nemaoko kusvika pakugadzira otomatiki, kubva pakufamba kwe-axis imwe chete kusvika pakubatana kwe-axis mashanu, kushandiswa kwemarobhoti e-axis mashanu emuchina wekugadzira majekiseni hakusi kungovandudza maitiro ekugadzira mota chete asiwo sarudzo isingadzivisike yekuchinja kweindasitiri kuenda kukugadzira kwakanyatsojeka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye huchenjeri hwepamusoro. Nekufamba kwayo kunochinjika, kururama kwekudzora kwakarurama, uye kugona kwakasimba kwekubatanidza, inogadzirisa matambudziko akawanda mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvemota zvakaumbwa nejekiseni, ichiva chinhu chikuru chemuchina wevagadziri vemota kuderedza mitengo, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, uye kuwedzera kukwikwidzana kwechigadzirwa.

Mune ramangwana, sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichichinja, maoko erobhoti anoumba majekiseni mashanu achabatanidzwa zvakanyanya nenjere dzekugadzira, Internet of Things, big data, nedzimwe tekinoroji, zvichigonesa kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwemotokari "kwakangwara, kunochinjika, uye kwakasvibira" uye zvichiwedzera simba rakasimba mukusimudzira indasitiri yepasi rose yemotokari. Kune vagadziri vemotokari, kuiswa kwekutanga kwetekinoroji yerobhoti inoumba majekiseni mashanu kuchave danho rakakosha mukuwana makwikwi makuru eindasitiri.